ABSTRACT
Purpose: Antiseptic mouthrinses containing chlorhexidine (CHX) seem to be the most effective chemical agents for plaque control. The CHX concentration is usually 0.12% or 0.20%, but formulations with lower concentrations of CHX (0.05%) in combination with other active agents such as sodium fluoride (0.05%) or cetyl pyridinium chloride (0.05%) (Cpc) are available. The aim of this study was to compare plaque formation at 24 hours after the use of 0.1% CHX mouthrinse-gel and mouthrinses containing 0.12% and 0.05% CHX plus other active agents. Methods: A controlled, randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial was designed. Thirty subjects underwent four consecutive experimental phases with four treatments: CHX 0.1% + hydroxymethylcellulose 2.5% (HMC), CHX 0.12% + alcohol, CHX 0.12% + 0.05% sodium fluoride, and CHX 0.05% + 0.05% Cpc. On the day of study, the subjects discontinued all other oral hygiene habits and were randomly assigned for treatment with the experimental mouthwash. Each experimental phase was preceded by a 28-day washout period. Plaque formation was recorded after one undisturbed day. Results: Formulations of CHX 0.12% with alcohol and sodium fluoride and CHX 0.1% + HMC 2.5% reduced de novo plaque formation to a greater extent than the mouthwash with CHX 0.05% + Cpc (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The 0.1% CHX gel presents an anti-plaque efficacy similar to that of mouthwashes containing 0.12% CHX and other active agents, and was more effective at inhibiting plaque formation than the mouthwash containing 0.05% CHX with Cpc.
Objetivo: Enxaguatórios contendo clorexidina (CHX) parecem ser os mais eficazes agentes químicos para controle de placa. A concentração de CHX geralmente é de 0.12% ou 0.20%, mas formulações de clorexidina em concentrações mais baixas (0.05%) com outros agentes ativos, tais como fluoreto de sódio (0.05%), cloreto de cetilpiridínio (0.05%) estão disponíveis atualmente. Este estudo teve por objetivo comparar a eficácia de gel de clorexidina a 0.1% com enxaguatórios contendo 0.12% e 0.05% CHX e outros agentes ativos, em relação ao crescimento de placa bacteriana em 24 horas. Metodologia: Um ensaio clínico com delineamento cruzado, randomizado, controlado e duplo-cego foi concebido. Trinta sujeitos foram submetidos a quatro fases experimentais consecutivas com quatro tratamentos (bochechos): CHX 0.1% + HMC 2.5%, 0.12% CHX + álcool, CHX 0.12% + 0.05% de fluoreto de sódio e CHX 0.05% + 0.05% cloreto de cetilpiridínio. No dia de estudo, os indivíduos interromperam todas as medidas de higiene oral e foram tratados os bochechos experimentais aleatoriamente. Cada fase experimental foi precedida por um período de 28 dias de washout. A formação de placa foi registrada depois de um dia sem disturbio de formação. Resultados: As formulações de CHX 0.12% com álcool e fluoreto de sódio e gel foram eficientes em retardar a formação de placa e foram superiores (P < 0,05) para a CHX 0.05% com cloreto de cetilpiridínio. Conclusão: O gel de clorexidina 0,1% para bochechos apresenta uma eficácia antiplaca semelhante aos bochechos de 0.12% CHX com outros agentes ativos, sendo superior aos bochechos de clorexidina a 0.05% com cloreto de cetilpiridínio.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mouthwashes/therapeutic use , Chlorhexidine/administration & dosage , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Double-Blind MethodABSTRACT
La Osteocalcina, es una pequeña proteína no colágena, fijadora de calcio, muy abundante en los tejidos mineralizados, es sintetizada por los osteoblastos y tiene un importante rol en la regulación de la destrucción y formación ósea, puede inhibir la síntesis de colágeno promoviendo la reabsorción de hueso. Se ha relacionado elevados niveles de osteocalcina con periodos de rápida destrucción ósea como osteoporosis y en la reparación de las fracturas y con activa destrucción ósea en la enfermedad periodontal. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar los niveles de osteocalcina en el FGC de pacientes con periodontitis crónica progresiva. Material y método: en 14 sitios activos y 14 sitios inactivos determinados de acuerdo con el método de tolerancia se midió los niveles de osteocalcina y se compararon entre si. Los niveles se establecieron utilizando N- MID Osteocalcin ELISA, los resultados se analizaron usando el programa Stata 7.0 y el student-test para muestras no paramétricas. Resultados: se determinó que los niveles de osteocalcina en los sitios activos eran elevados y la diferencia con los sitios inactivos era estadísticamente significativa ( p = 0,001) después del tratamiento los niveles eran muy similares. Conclusiones: los elevados niveles de osteocalcina en los sitios activos permiten sugerir su utilización como predictor de destrucción ósea alveolar.
Osteocalcin is a small protein fixative of calcium, is the most abundant non collagen protein in mineralized tissues, is synthesized primarily by osteoblasts and has an important role in regulating bone formation and destruction. The osteocalcin can inhibit the synthesis of collagen to promote the resorption of bone. It has been shown high levels of osteocalcin during periods of rapid bone loss as osteoporosis and in the repair of fractures also has been associated with active bone loss in periodontal disease. The aim of this study is to determine levels of Osteocalcin in gingival crevicular fluid of progressive chronic periodontitis patients. Material and method in 14 active sites and 14 sites inactive determine by the tolerance method. Osteocalcin levels were measured and compared with each other. The levels were determined by N-MID Osteocalcin ELISA, the statistical data was analyzed by Stata 7.0 using the student-test for unpaired samples. Results: the levels of osteocalcin in active sites were significantly higher than in the inactive sites and difference was statistically significant (p = 0001) after periodontal treatment, levels were ver y similar in both groups. Conclusions: this finding suggest that Osteocalcin could be a good marker for future attachment and alveolar boneloss.